Monday, November 18, 2019

Mobile Processors

                                                               
                                                          Topic- Mobile Processors

The performance of your smartphone is influenced by many factors,including the operating system,manufacture,and wireless carrier.But there ones essential and often-overlooked element that largely responsible for the speed,efficiency,and battery life of your smartphone the processor. Here a simple guide to how its work,and what makes an all-in-one processor so powerful.

THE PROCESSOR

The processor is the central hub of your smartphone.It receives and executes every command,performing billions of calculations per second. The effectiveness of the processor directly affects every application you run, whether its the camera,the music player, or just a simple email program .Pick the wrong one and you could experience sluggish,stuttering apps and limited network performance, regardless of carrier,manufacture,or operating system.

when you do something more complex,like playing an online multiplayer game with 3D intensive graphics or capturing 1080p video, the load put on a processor can be immense. The ability of the processor to coordinate efficient communication between all its components-the modem,graphics,and multimedia engines is essential to smooth operation.

The CPU,GPU,audio and video engine,connectivity features (GPU,WiFi,FM) and 3G/4G modem are the major components of a Qualcomm Snapdragon mobile processor that control the operation of some of the most powerful and power-efficient smartphones.In contrast, other processors may not integrate as many components, which is why the all-in-one name is key. Lets take a look at what a Snapdragon processor is designed to do, and how the parts of the processor work together to enable seamless actions.

      *CPU,or Central Processing Unit.
This is the "brain" of your smartphone.The CPU receives commands, makes instant calculations, and sends signals throughout your device.There are multiple ways to gauge the performance of a CPU besides checking the Gigahertz (GHz) speed or the number of CPU cores (a.k.a dual-core and quad-core).One of the most important ways to gauge performance is by looking at its supporting cast. In the past, the CPU handled the visuals that were sent to the screen in addition to its other duties, but the demands of high quality graphics led to the development of another component of lighten its load the GPU.

*GPU, or Graphics Proceesing Unit. The GPU assists the CPU by handling the visuals, particulary the kind that are delivered on games and other graphically rich applications. By offloading work to the GPU, your phone job handling a multitude of graphics related chores than the CPU could alone. An integrated GPU is designed so video wont stutter,photo- edits will appear more quickly, and fast-moving objects wont appear pixilated. Whats more, the GPU frees up the GPU, allowing it to conserve or redirect its resources.

*Camera ISP (Image Signal Processor). An integrated image Signal Processor provides the "oomph" for many of your smartphones camera functions. It is designed to deliver a tightly bound image processing package and enable an improved overall picture and video experience. An integrated ISP can also be individual when it comes to things like instant image capture, high-resolution support, image stabilization, and other image enchancements.

*Audio and Video. A good processor will also have dedicated processing units that handle audio and video. In a Snapdragon processor, a component called the Digital Signal Processor (DSP) handles music playback and other audio processing scenarios that the CPU would otherwise have to do. The same applies to video capture and playback, for which there is a dedicated video engine designated to handle these tasks. The concepts of disturbuting work among these areas is what makes processing so fast and efficient in a Snapdragon powered device.
*Radio(RF Transceiver)& 3G/4G Modem. These components control your connection to the world.Broadly speaking,the RF Transceiver receives and transits voice connections and the modem enables your phone to send and recive digital signals. When enabled with 4G LTE, the radio and modem have a high-speed cellular wireless network at their disposal,capable of speeds that mimic your home Wi-Fi connection. When working closely with the CPU and GPU, a 4G LTE modem can deliver seamless, fluid access from your LTE network to your applications.

    THE ALL IN ONE DESIGN
Sometimes these components exist as different chips in a device but the exceptionally powerful and power-efficient processors have all of them situated on a single chip.When they're grouped together onto processor,it's referred to as "integrated". Bringing them closer together provides advantages for the operation of your phone, like factor communication and optimal battery life. Old-style, un-integrated processors and their scattered circuitry simply can't keep up. The pinnacle of the integrated design,though, is the "all-in-one"processor.

The all-in-one Qualcomm Snapdragon, is custom built to include the CPU,GPU,DSP, camera,radio,modem and more it also integrates voltage regulators for better power management, designed to improve battery life even further. By bringing all of these pieces together, and being the first processor to integrate a 4G LTE modem, Snapdragon processors are designed to provide amped up performance, improved battery life, smooth multitasking, and high-speed data. Many popular smartphones, like Samsung Gakaxy S4, the HTC One, the NOKIA LUMIA SERIES and much more, The XIAOMI Redmi Whole Series run on Qualcomm Snapdragon processors ONE PLUS and GOOGLE PIXEL also run on Qualcomm Snapdragon processsors.

THE BIG PICTURE

You don't need to wrap you head around all of the billions of complex interactions inside your smartphone in order to appericiate how it's works. An all-in-one processor hosts your phone's most essential components, driving your music, games, video, web surfing, email, and more. The more your processor is capable of, the more you're likely to enjoy your mobile device.

By seeking out a device with a Qualcomm Snapdragon all-in-one processor, you can feel confident you're getting the most powerful and efficient device your budget will allow.

Find you smartphone powered by a Snapdragon all-in-one processor.
                                                                    Evolution of the Mobile Phone
From simple to smart, mobile phones have transformed dramatically to become information and communication hubs fundamental to modern life. But how did they get to be this advanced Scroll through the timeline to see how and when phone technology evolved.

                                           

Mobile Phone Name- DynaTAC 8000X,1983

1983-1990
THE FIRST EVER PORTABLE MOBILE PHONE

In 1983 the world got the first ever portable mobile phone in the shape of the Motorola DynaTAC 8000X. It cost an $4000 USD and was a huge status symbol at the time. Two years later the first mobile phone call on UK soil was made, then Vodafone Chairman Sir Ernest Harrison, the lucky recipient. In 1989 Motorola followed up the DynaTAC with the 9800X or MicroTAC, it came with a fold down keyboard cover and set the standard for the flip phone from factor seen throughout the 90's.

Features From This Era:-
*MOBILE CALLING



Mobile Phone Name- Nokia 1011, 1991

1991-1994
DAWN OF CONSUMER HANDSETS

GSM first launched in Europe 1991 with Orbitel TPU 900 first to market,but it wasn't until 1992 that mobiles were no longer restricted to business use. Mass production paved the way for cost-effective consumer handsets with digital displays. Nokia was one of the first to take advantage of this transition, with the Nokia 1011arriving this year.

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Features From This Era:-
*SMS
*GAMES


Mobile Phone Name- Siemens S10, 1997

1995-1998
A Splash of Colour

Although it only offered four colours, the Siemens S10 brought mobile phone displays to life for the first time in 1997. The same year Hagenuk launched the GlobalHandy, the first device without an external aerial. Customisation also kicked off in a big way with Ericcson offering swappable coloured front keyboard panels. The following year Nokia launched a range of 'Xpress-on' interchangeable covers on the 5100 series, making it the first fashion orientated phone.

Features From This Era:-
*EMAIL
*VIBRATE ALERTS
*COLOUR SCREEN


Mobile Phone Name- Sony Ericcson T68i, 2002

1992-2002

Growth of the Feature Phone

1999 saw Nokia unveil the 7110 which was the first device to take advantage of WAP( a means of accessing information over a mobile wireless network)

A year later Sharp launched the world's very first camera phone,the J-SH04. It was only available in Japan but signalled the start of the public's obsession with phone photography. However, it wasn't until 2002 and the release of the Sony Ericcson T68i and its clip-on camera, that western markets started to take an interest in the camera phone.

Features From This Era:-
*Tri-Band
*Video Calling
*GPS Navigation
*Predictive Text
*Camera
*Polyphonic Ringtones 
*MP3 Player
*Bluetooth
*Memory Card Slot
*MMS


Mobile Phone Name:- BlackBerry Pearl 8100

2003-2006
Mobile Data Revolution

The implementation of 3G took download speeds up to 2MBS in March 2003 with "3" the first to offer the service in the UK. RIM brought mobile email to the masses with its range of popular BlackBerry devices like the 8100 Pearl. The advent of front facing cameras in 2003 on devices such as the Sony Ericsson Z1010 meant video calling became possible, but not popular.

Feature From This Era:-
*Ringtones
*Augmented Reality
*Wi-Fi
*Quad Band
*Waterproof
*Full Web Browsing


Mobile Phone Name:- iPhone(1st Generation),2007

2007-2010
Getting Smarter

Swiping and scrolling replaced the traditional button method of input. The LG Prada being the first touchscreen to market ahead of the Apple iPhone in May 2007. However, Apple iPhone in May 2007.However, Apple proved to have both the stronger brand and superior knowledge of capacitive touchscreen's potential.

Feature From This Era:-
*NFC
*Capacitive Touchscreen
*Mobile Apps
*Wireless Charging


Mobile Phone Name:- Samsung Galaxy S5,2014

2011-2014
Life Companion

Smartphones became increasingly centralto modern life,offering much more than just communication features.The UK's first 4G service launched in 11 cities by EE in 2012 taking download speeds up to12mbps.Voice recognition became common place with Google Voice before Apple launched Siri into the market. Samsung added a built-in heart rate monitor to their flagship Galaxy S5 to capitalise on growth in mobile health & fitness.

Features From This Era:-
*Voice Control
*Dual Lens Camera
*Facial Recognition 
*Fingerprint Scanning
*Full HD Screen
*Heart Rate Monitor


Mobile Phone Name:- iPhone 7 Plus

2015-2018
Size Matters

The global adoption of 4G vastly improves video streaming and video calling capabilities. Screen sizes continue to grow to maximise the experience of these features, with the iPhone 7 Plus display now 57% larger than the original iPhone from 2007 Mobile payments also emerge with Apple Pay and Android Pay offering users the possibility of buying things with their smartphones.

Features From This Era:-
*Apple&Android Pay
*Bezel Less Screen

  
Mobile Phone Name:- iPhone X, 2018

2018-2019
Evolution of Notch Displays

It was announced on September 12,2017
alongside the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus at the Steve Jobs Theatre in the Apple Park campus.The phone was released on November 3,2017, marking the iPhone series tenth anniversary.
finally in september 12th2018 iPhone X launched globally and became the fastest seller smartphone of the year.Every customer like the notch and rear dual camera with flash.

Features From This Era:-
*Notch Display
*Rear Dual Cameras with Flash
*With Brand New A11 Bionic Chipset
*Super Amoled Screen



Mobile Phone Name:- OPPO F11 Pro,2019

2019-Current Year
Evolution of Full Display Screens

OPPO and VIVO launched first full display screens smartphones without any notch. It has been and POP-UP Selfie Camera at the top of the phone. It comes Medio tek Helio P70, Octa core Processor and Powerful SnapDragon 675 chipset. It has 6gb and 8gb of ram to play games without lag and do multitasking easily.

Features From This Era:-
*Full Display Screen
*POP-UP Selfie Camera
*Powerful Processors
*Great Concepts of Design



Mobile Phone Name- Samsung Fold,2019

2019-Current Year
First Ever Folding Phone
Samsung annunced his first ever folding phone Samsung Fold in April26th in Samsung EXPO 2019.
The Phone Starting Price is $1,980 DOLLARS this phone is going to released in end of october but due to some screen technical problems the samsung dont launched samsung fold. Honor is also built folding phone but due to his banned honor maybe not launched the folding phones.
Samsung is the first smartphone brand who launched a Folding Phone Concept.

Features From This Era:-
*Folding Screens
*come with 5 camera
*2x optinal zoom
*Can charge another  phones with wireless charger IN-BUILT
*Come With 5G connectivity

Saturday, October 12, 2019

                                    Evolution
                      Topic- Computer evolution in India.

The development of the computer technologies in India was possible with collaborations of two major forces the Political administration and Government policy advisers bureaucrats and technocrats. Let us elaborate the computer evolution in India with different phases of year.

Phase I

The history of computer technologies evolution in India way started in 1950’s. The first administration to build a digital computer in India was under the leadership of R Narasimhan at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Bombay. The TIFRAC (TIFR Automatic Computer) was started in 1955 and completed in the year 1959. TIFRAC could process upto 2048 word in memory (40 bit word, 15 microsecond cycle time) and for the display output there was a use of Cathode ray tube. TIFRAC was designed to solve the physics problems at TIFR and also in Atomic Energy establishment. With this project India could build and design computers effectively.


Computer Evolution
Image courtesy: TIFR Automatic Calculator (TIFRAC) Bombay

During 1960’s there was non foreign exchange outflow in computer industry. IBM and British Tabulation machines (latter it was renamed as ICL) were established there name by selling Mechanical accounting machines in India. IBM and ICL were issued licenses and agreements in order to established computer manufacturing plant in India, IBM then started making punch card machines and exported them in different countries from India.


The IBM 402 – punched card-based tabulating machine

Phase II

In the year 1970 Department of Electronics was established aiming to enhance technologies of electronics and led to the establishment of computer divisions within PSU company ECIL (Electronics Corporation of India Limited). ECIL designed TDC-12 a 12 bit real time minicomputer in mid of year 1969 it was later upgraded to TDC-312 followed by TDC-316 a 16 bit computer built in 1975. In the year 1978 ECIL made MICRO-78 system which was purely based on microprocessor. ECIL from year 1971 to 1978 made 98 computers that were sold in government laboratories and in different universities for research. ECIL’s major contribution was providing Air Defense Ground Environment Systems to the Indian Air Force.


Air Defense Ground Environment Systems

In year 1978 minicomputer policy was made after the exit of IBM from India that allows technical entrepreneurs who started computer manufacturing like WIPRO and HCL that are still prominent computer industries across the globe.

Phase III

In year 1984 when Rajiv Gandhi became the Prime Minister of India, a liberalized policy was made on minicomputers that allows private sector companies to manufacture computers. In that year private sector companies allowed to manufacture unlimited 32-bit machines. Private sector companies also manufactured assembled boards with microprocessors and interface electronics to be imported along with application software with less imported duty. Due to liberalization policy the growth of computers went up to 100% and 50% decline in cost. Computerization of Indian Railway’s Seat Reservation System was started in year 1984 and completed in 1986. In the Seat Reservation System entire software was made by Indian programmers without any foreign advisers.

Phase IV

In year 1991 India was imposed to a big financial crisis as World Bank bailed out India due to external debt and set conditions that forces Indian government to liberalize the Indian economy.


Annual GDP Growth Rate (%)

In the year 1990-1991 Indian software companies earn by exporting software around more than US$125 million. Earning was exponentially increase around more than US$ 1.70 billion in during year 1997-98 with exact growth of 45% per year. Indian software companies standardized way of working in industries. Indian software companies invented GDM (Global Delivery Model) and 24-hour working hours for IT industry

Saturday, September 8, 2018